{
 "number_kinds": {
  "kinds": [
   {
    "key": "observed",
    "label": "Observed",
    "def": "A panel device detected inside a defined place under stated dwell and accuracy rules, not scaled."
   },
   {
    "key": "projected",
    "label": "Projected",
    "def": "An observed count scaled to a population by a model (modelled, estimated, extrapolated)."
   },
   {
    "key": "declared",
    "label": "Declared",
    "def": "From transactions, loyalty, Wi-Fi log-in or door counters."
   },
   {
    "key": "inferred",
    "label": "Inferred",
    "def": "A location taken from a bid request, an IP address or a user-declared field."
   },
   {
    "key": "not_disclosed",
    "label": "Basis not disclosed",
    "def": "The source does not say which of the four kinds the number is."
   }
  ],
  "c": {
   "label": "Stream C sample: numbers vendors sell or publish",
   "rows": [
    {
     "vendor": "Placer.ai",
     "number": "2.4M visits to one grocery store (from 74.8K panel visits)",
     "code": "projected",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S04"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Arrivalist",
     "number": "9,861,477 US adult trips to Lee County (from 492,897 panel trips)",
     "code": "projected",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S28"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Arrivalist",
     "number": "60,609 panel attributed arrivals",
     "code": "observed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S28"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Azira",
     "number": "Total Visits (campaign reports)",
     "code": "projected",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S09"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Azira",
     "number": "Exposure for web, CTV and OOH matched by IP in 15-minute intervals",
     "code": "inferred",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S09"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "GroundTruth",
     "number": "Observed Visits (verified visits)",
     "code": "observed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S18"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Foursquare",
     "number": "58.9M total attributed store visits (linear TV case)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S15"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Vistar Media / Foursquare",
     "number": "533,000 store visits (Target)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S06"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Vistar Media / Foursquare",
     "number": "1.3M+ store visits (Jack in the Box)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S08"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Simpli.fi",
     "number": "12,768 in-store visits",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S13"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "InMarket",
     "number": "Store-visit conversions (LCI via TikTok)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S17"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "InMarket",
     "number": "Retail Sales Lift (card transactions, subset of users)",
     "code": "declared",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S17"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "PlaceIQ",
     "number": "Place Visit Rate 2.75% / 2.13% / 0.67%",
     "code": "observed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S27"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Blis",
     "number": "0.76% store visit rate",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S29"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Unacast",
     "number": "average workday foot traffic at five plants",
     "code": "projected",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S20"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Mobilewalla",
     "number": "2.2 billion unique devices (40 countries)",
     "code": "inferred",
     "kind": "as coded",
     "src": [
      "LOC-C-S22"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "n": 16,
   "counts": {
    "observed": 3,
    "projected": 4,
    "declared": 1,
    "inferred": 2,
    "not_disclosed": 6
   }
  },
  "e": {
   "label": "Cohort A products: numbers each product sells",
   "rows": [
    {
     "vendor": "Foursquare",
     "number": "visits and visit lift",
     "code": "projected",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S02"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "InMarket",
     "number": "Exposed Device Visits",
     "code": "observed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S04"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "InMarket",
     "number": "Overall / Incremental Projected Store Visits",
     "code": "projected",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S04"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "GroundTruth",
     "number": "Observed Visits",
     "code": "observed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S10"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "GroundTruth",
     "number": "Projected Visits",
     "code": "projected",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S10"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Blis",
     "number": "footfall lift",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S14"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Reveal Mobile",
     "number": "Net Lift (foot traffic)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S16"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Azira",
     "number": "Observed Visits",
     "code": "observed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S18"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Azira",
     "number": "Total Visits",
     "code": "projected",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S18"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Adsquare",
     "number": "net visitation uplift",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S22"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Cuebiq",
     "number": "incremental store visits",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S27"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Vistar",
     "number": "foot traffic lift (via InMarket)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S08"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Kochava",
     "number": "store visits",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S28"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Arrivalist",
     "number": "arrivals lift (arrival counts)",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S30"
     ],
     "note": "verifier E, LOC-E-F29: page lists card data and location pings as inputs"
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Arrivalist",
     "number": "spend lift (card transactions)",
     "code": "declared",
     "visit": false,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S30"
     ],
     "note": "verifier E, LOC-E-F29"
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Lifesight",
     "number": "footfall",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S25"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Precisely PlaceIQ",
     "number": "verified store visits",
     "code": "not_disclosed",
     "visit": true,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S33"
     ]
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Foursquare",
     "number": "'Visits + Sales Impact' (card sales)",
     "code": "declared",
     "visit": false,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S03"
     ],
     "note": "added by verifier E"
    },
    {
     "vendor": "InMarket",
     "number": "Retail Sales Lift Attribution (card transactions)",
     "code": "declared",
     "visit": false,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S06"
     ],
     "note": "added by verifier E"
    },
    {
     "vendor": "Cuebiq",
     "number": "card sales metrics with Affinity Solutions",
     "code": "declared",
     "visit": false,
     "src": [
      "LOC-E-S27"
     ],
     "note": "added by verifier E"
    }
   ],
   "n": 20,
   "counts": {
    "observed": 3,
    "projected": 4,
    "declared": 4,
    "inferred": 0,
    "not_disclosed": 9
   }
  },
  "visit_products": 13,
  "visit_basis_disclosed": 4,
  "visit_basis_disclosed_names": [
   "Foursquare",
   "InMarket",
   "GroundTruth",
   "Azira"
  ],
  "visit_basis_disclosed_all_projected": 4,
  "names": {
   "observed": [
    "InMarket",
    "GroundTruth",
    "Azira"
   ],
   "projected": [
    "Foursquare",
    "InMarket",
    "GroundTruth",
    "Azira"
   ],
   "declared": [
    "Arrivalist",
    "Foursquare",
    "InMarket",
    "Cuebiq"
   ],
   "inferred": [],
   "not_disclosed": [
    "Blis",
    "Reveal Mobile",
    "Adsquare",
    "Cuebiq",
    "Vistar",
    "Kochava",
    "Arrivalist",
    "Lifesight",
    "Precisely PlaceIQ"
   ]
  }
 },
 "mrc": {
  "rows": [
   {
    "label": "MRC presentation, Sept 2018",
    "note": "unnamed service",
    "events": [
     {
      "date": "2018-09-26",
      "kind": "note",
      "text": "'Location – 6 Applicants; 1 Accredited'"
     }
    ],
    "spans": [],
    "src": [
     "LOC-NFA-S01"
    ],
    "ledger": "R2-114"
   },
   {
    "label": "Digital Envoy NetAcuity (IP geolocation)",
    "events": [
     {
      "date": "2020-01-15",
      "kind": "revoke",
      "text": "hiatus to non-accredited, Jan 2020"
     }
    ],
    "spans": [],
    "src": [
     "LOC-A-S21"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Foursquare Visits data set",
    "events": [
     {
      "date": "2020-07-15",
      "kind": "grant",
      "text": "granted Jul 2020"
     },
     {
      "date": "2022-10-15",
      "kind": "suspend",
      "text": "suspended Oct 2022"
     },
     {
      "date": "2022-12-15",
      "kind": "revoke",
      "text": "revoked Dec 2022"
     }
    ],
    "spans": [
     {
      "from": "2020-07-15",
      "to": "2022-10-15",
      "kind": "acc"
     },
     {
      "from": "2022-10-15",
      "to": "2022-12-15",
      "kind": "hold"
     }
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-A-S16",
     "LOC-A-S18"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "GroundTruth Location, Place, Visit data set",
    "events": [
     {
      "date": "2021-07-15",
      "kind": "grant",
      "text": "granted Jul 2021"
     },
     {
      "date": "2023-09-15",
      "kind": "suspend",
      "text": "six-month hiatus Sept 2023"
     },
     {
      "date": "2024-07-26",
      "kind": "revoke",
      "text": "revoked; reported 26 Jul 2024*"
     }
    ],
    "spans": [
     {
      "from": "2021-07-15",
      "to": "2023-09-15",
      "kind": "acc"
     },
     {
      "from": "2023-09-15",
      "to": "2024-07-26",
      "kind": "hold",
      "open": true
     }
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-A-S17",
     "LOC-A-S19",
     "LOC-A-S20"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Any visit or location metric",
    "events": [
     {
      "date": "2026-10-24",
      "kind": "none",
      "text": "none on 11 lists, 24 Oct 2026"
     }
    ],
    "spans": [],
    "src": [
     "LOC-A-S05",
     "LOC-A-S06",
     "LOC-A-S07",
     "LOC-A-S08",
     "LOC-A-S09",
     "LOC-A-S10",
     "LOC-A-S11",
     "LOC-A-S12",
     "LOC-A-S13",
     "LOC-A-S14",
     "LOC-A-S15"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "lists_opened": 11,
  "lists_accredited": 6,
  "lists_under_review": 5,
  "visit_entries": 0,
  "visit_metrics_ever_accredited": 2
 },
 "control": {
  "groups": [
   {
    "key": "matched",
    "label": "Matched or synthetic control",
    "n": 6
   },
   {
    "key": "holdout",
    "label": "Randomised or holdout",
    "n": 2
   },
   {
    "key": "exposed",
    "label": "Exposed-only, no control",
    "n": 1
   },
   {
    "key": "none",
    "label": "No default documented",
    "n": 5
   }
  ],
  "rows": [
   {
    "product": "Foursquare Attribution",
    "label": "Foursquare",
    "code": "matched",
    "note": "modelled control, regression adjustment",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S01",
     "LOC-FOURSQUARE-S19",
     "LOC-FOURSQUARE-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "InMarket LCI",
    "label": "InMarket",
    "code": "matched",
    "note": "1:1 audience-matched control",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S04",
     "LOC-INMARKET-S11",
     "LOC-INMARKET-S14"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "GroundTruth visit measurement",
    "label": "GroundTruth",
    "code": "exposed",
    "note": "Observed and Projected Visits; no control, no lift claim",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S09",
     "LOC-GROUNDTRUTH-S19",
     "LOC-GROUNDTRUTH-S42"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Blis outcome measurement",
    "label": "Blis",
    "code": "holdout",
    "note": "geographic holdout; assignment not documented as random",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S14",
     "LOC-BLIS-S07",
     "LOC-BLIS-S08",
     "LOC-BLIS-S09"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Reveal Mobile VISIT Local",
    "label": "Reveal Mobile",
    "code": "matched",
    "note": "propensity-score synthetic control",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S16"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Azira attribution",
    "label": "Azira",
    "code": "holdout",
    "note": "randomised PSA control, the default in an undated white paper",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S18"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Unacast footfall attribution",
    "label": "Unacast",
    "code": "none",
    "note": "no attribution product found",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S21"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Adsquare Footfall Attribution",
    "label": "Adsquare",
    "code": "matched",
    "note": "synthetic control condition; US availability not shown",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Lifesight footfall attribution",
    "label": "Lifesight",
    "code": "none",
    "note": "location module not on current site",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S25"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Cuebiq advertising measurement",
    "label": "Cuebiq",
    "code": "matched",
    "note": "behaviourally matched control",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S27"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Vistar Media attribution",
    "label": "Vistar",
    "code": "none",
    "note": "partner wrapper (InMarket, Foursquare)",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S08"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Kochava visit attribution",
    "label": "Kochava",
    "code": "none",
    "note": "MediaLift synthetic control is one selectable option",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S28"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Arrivalist",
    "label": "Arrivalist",
    "code": "matched",
    "note": "matched group of unexposed cardholders",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S30"
    ]
   },
   {
    "product": "Precisely PlaceIQ attribution",
    "label": "Precisely PlaceIQ",
    "code": "none",
    "note": "no named attribution product found",
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S33"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "products": 14,
  "documented": 9,
  "non_holdout": 7,
  "strict_denominator": 8,
  "strict_matched": 6,
  "non_holdout_pct": 77.8
 },
 "ground_truth": {
  "cols": [
   "Census population",
   "Park or trail counters",
   "Polling-place turnout",
   "Retail door counts or transactions"
  ],
  "rows": [
   {
    "label": "SafeGraph Patterns",
    "cells": [
     "2018–22",
     "2018–20",
     "2018",
     "none"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-B-S02",
     "LOC-B-S03",
     "LOC-B-S04",
     "LOC-B-S05",
     "LOC-B-S01"
    ],
    "note": "census: Li et al. 2024 (county r 0.986 urban, 0.934 rural, 2019); parks: Liang et al. 2022, Kupfer et al. 2021; polling: Coston et al. 2021"
   },
   {
    "label": "Advan Weekly Patterns",
    "cells": [
     "none",
     "2019–23",
     "none",
     "none"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-B-S07"
    ],
    "note": "NPS visitation, ten parks, r 0.875 by visual check"
   },
   {
    "label": "Placer.ai",
    "cells": [
     "none",
     "2021",
     "none",
     "vend"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-B-S06",
     "LOC-B-S34"
    ],
    "note": "one trail site, +30.5% over counters; accuracy page names transactions and revenues, no result"
   },
   {
    "label": "StreetLight",
    "cells": [
     "none",
     "2021",
     "none",
     "none"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-B-S06"
    ],
    "note": "same site, +43.5% over counters"
   },
   {
    "label": "Cuebiq",
    "cells": [
     "n/s",
     "none",
     "none",
     "none"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-B-S12",
     "LOC-B-S11"
    ],
    "note": "UW 2022 device-to-population bias, 11 MSAs, vintage not stated"
   },
   {
    "label": "Veraset (Mexico)",
    "cells": [
     "2020",
     "none",
     "none",
     "none"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-B-S08"
    ],
    "note": "2,478 municipalities against the 2020 census"
   },
   {
    "label": "Azira",
    "cells": [
     "none",
     "none",
     "none",
     "vend"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-E-S18"
    ],
    "note": "white paper: median absolute error 10% against sales and counters; no design"
   },
   {
    "label": "Unacast",
    "cells": [
     "none",
     "none",
     "none",
     "vend"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-UNACAST-S16",
     "LOC-UNACAST-S11"
    ],
    "note": "R-squared 91.6% against one unnamed retailer; no places, period or sample"
   }
  ],
  "independent_cells": 8,
  "retail_independent": 0,
  "retail_vendor_claims": 3,
  "studies": 9,
  "choi_excess": [
   30.5,
   43.5
  ]
 },
 "ftc": {
  "cols": [
   "What the order bans",
   "Sensitive categories",
   "Coarse carve-out",
   "Term",
   "Issued or entered",
   "H5: still sells precise"
  ],
  "rows": [
   {
    "label": "X-Mode Social / Outlogic (C-4802)",
    "cells": [
     "sens",
     "7",
     "1,850 ft",
     "20 years",
     "11 Apr 2024",
     "yes"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S02",
     "LOC-H-S01",
     "LOC-H-S30",
     "LOC-H-S31"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "InMarket Media (C-4803)",
    "cells": [
     "all",
     "9",
     "1,850 ft",
     "20 years",
     "29 Apr 2024",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S04",
     "LOC-H-S05",
     "LOC-H-S03",
     "LOC-H-S32",
     "LOC-H-S33"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Gravy Analytics, Venntel (C-4810)",
    "cells": [
     "sens",
     "8",
     "1,850 ft",
     "20 years",
     "13 Jan 2025",
     "yes"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S07",
     "LOC-H-S06",
     "LOC-H-S34",
     "LOC-H-S35",
     "LOC-H-S36"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Mobilewalla (C-4811)",
    "cells": [
     "sens",
     "10",
     "1,850 ft",
     "20 years",
     "13 Jan 2025",
     "unclear"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S09",
     "LOC-H-S08",
     "LOC-H-S37",
     "LOC-H-S38"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Kochava, Collective Data Solutions",
    "cells": [
     "sens",
     "5",
     "1,850 ft",
     "10 years",
     "25 Jun 2026",
     "yes"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S11",
     "LOC-H-S10",
     "LOC-H-S39",
     "LOC-H-S40",
     "LOC-H-S41",
     "LOC-H-S16"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "General Motors, OnStar (C-4828)",
    "cells": [
     "cra",
     "n/a",
     "not coded",
     "20 years*",
     "13 Jan 2026",
     "n/a"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-X-S01",
     "LOC-V-X-S01"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "orders_location": 5,
  "orders_other": 1,
  "outright": 1,
  "sensitive_only": 4,
  "h5_yes": 3,
  "h5_unclear": 1,
  "h5_no": 1,
  "carveout_1850": 5
 },
 "states": {
  "cutoff": "2026-10-24",
  "rows": [
   {
    "label": "Washington",
    "instrument": "My Health My Data Act, sec. 10",
    "date": "2023-07-23",
    "kind": "geofence",
    "mech": "geofence ban, health care",
    "radius": 2000,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Washington",
    "instrument": "My Health My Data Act, secs. 3–9",
    "date": "2024-03-31",
    "kind": "consent",
    "mech": "consent rule, health data",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Maryland",
    "instrument": "Online Data Privacy Act (ch. 455)",
    "date": "2025-10-01",
    "kind": "sale",
    "mech": "sale ban + geofence ban",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S19"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Oregon",
    "instrument": "HB 2008 (ch. 251), ORS 646A.578",
    "date": "2026-01-01",
    "kind": "sale",
    "mech": "sale ban",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S20",
     "LOC-H-S21"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Connecticut",
    "instrument": "PA 25-113, consent to sell",
    "date": "2026-07-01",
    "end": "2026-10-01",
    "kind": "consent",
    "mech": "consent rule (replaced)",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S23"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "New Jersey",
    "instrument": "P.L.2026, c.25 (A5328 1R)",
    "date": "2026-06-30",
    "kind": "sale",
    "mech": "sale ban",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-NFA-S02"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Virginia",
    "instrument": "Code 59.1-578(A)(6) (2026 ch. 820)",
    "date": "2026-07-01",
    "kind": "sale",
    "mech": "sale ban",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-V01",
     "LOC-H-V02"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Connecticut",
    "instrument": "PA 26-64 (SB 4)",
    "date": "2026-10-01",
    "kind": "sale",
    "mech": "sale ban",
    "radius": 1750,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-V03",
     "LOC-H-V04"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "California",
    "instrument": "Civil Code 1798.140(w)",
    "date": null,
    "kind": "definition",
    "mech": "definition, right to limit",
    "radius": 1850,
    "src": [
     "LOC-H-S24"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "sale_ban_states": 5,
  "sale_ban_1750": 5,
  "months_first_sale_ban": 12.7,
  "rules_charted": 9,
  "geofence_rules": 2
 },
 "platform": {
  "lanes": [
   "Apple: iOS releases",
   "Apple: App Store rules",
   "Google: Android releases",
   "Google: Play and Chrome"
  ],
  "events": [
   {
    "date": "2019-09-19",
    "lane": "Apple: iOS releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "iOS 13: Allow Once, background alerts",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S01",
     "LOC-G-S02",
     "LOC-G-S03"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-09-16",
    "lane": "Apple: iOS releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "iOS 14: approximate location",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S04",
     "LOC-G-S05",
     "LOC-G-S06"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2021-09-20",
    "lane": "Apple: iOS releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "iOS 15: Private Relay beta",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S19",
     "LOC-G-S17"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2024-09-16",
    "lane": "Apple: iOS releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "iOS 18: session-based Always",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S14",
     "LOC-G-S15"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-09-15",
    "lane": "Apple: iOS releases",
    "kind": "nochange",
    "label": "iOS 26",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S15"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2026-09-14",
    "lane": "Apple: iOS releases",
    "kind": "nochange",
    "label": "iOS 27",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S15",
     "LOC-G-V02"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-06-22",
    "lane": "Apple: App Store rules",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "ATT announced",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S04"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2021-04-26",
    "lane": "Apple: App Store rules",
    "kind": "policy",
    "label": "ATT required for all apps",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S07",
     "LOC-G-S08",
     "LOC-G-S09"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2024-05-01",
    "lane": "Apple: App Store rules",
    "kind": "policy",
    "label": "privacy manifests enforced (no location API)",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S11",
     "LOC-G-S13",
     "LOC-G-V01"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2019-09-03",
    "lane": "Google: Android releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "Android 10: background permission",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S21",
     "LOC-G-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-09-08",
    "lane": "Google: Android releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "Android 11: one-time grant",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S24",
     "LOC-G-S25"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2021-10-04",
    "lane": "Google: Android releases",
    "kind": "release",
    "label": "Android 12: approximate option",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S26",
     "LOC-G-S27"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-02-19",
    "lane": "Google: Play and Chrome",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Play background-location review",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S23"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-08-03",
    "lane": "Google: Play and Chrome",
    "kind": "policy",
    "label": "review starts for new apps",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S23"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2022-07-20",
    "lane": "Google: Play and Chrome",
    "kind": "policy",
    "label": "Data safety form required",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S34",
     "LOC-G-S35"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-10-17",
    "lane": "Google: Play and Chrome",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Sandbox and IP Protection retired",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S37",
     "LOC-G-V03"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2027-01-27",
    "lane": "Google: Play and Chrome",
    "kind": "future",
    "label": "location button (announced Apr 2026)",
    "src": [
     "LOC-G-S32",
     "LOC-G-S30"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "apple_changes": 6,
  "google_changes": 5,
  "apple_releases_no_change": 2
 },
 "events": {
  "lanes": [
   "Completed acquisitions",
   "Announced deals, mergers",
   "Insolvency",
   "Rebrands, splits",
   "SDK removals, retirements"
  ],
  "events": [
   {
    "date": "2019-06-15",
    "lane": "Completed acquisitions",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "Foursquare buys Placed",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S12",
     "LOC-D-S13"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2019-08-16",
    "lane": "Completed acquisitions",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "InMarket buys Thinknear",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S23",
     "LOC-D-S24"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2022-02-15",
    "lane": "Completed acquisitions",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "Precisely buys PlaceIQ",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S39",
     "LOC-D-S40"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2023-12-12",
    "lane": "Completed acquisitions",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "Perion buys Hivestack",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S44"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-02-03",
    "lane": "Completed acquisitions",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "T-Mobile buys Vistar",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S01",
     "LOC-D-S02"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-03-03",
    "lane": "Completed acquisitions",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "T-Mobile buys Blis",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S01"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-04-06",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Foursquare and Factual merge",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S14",
     "LOC-D-S15"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-09-10",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "InMarket buys NinthDecimal assets",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S21",
     "LOC-D-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2021-08-05",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Digital Envoy buys X-Mode",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S32"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2022-11-03",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Advan buys SafeGraph Patterns",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S41"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2023-11-29",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Unacast and Gravy merge",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S37"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-11-25",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Broadsign buys Place Exchange",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S45",
     "LOC-D-V02"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2026-03-25",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "ZeroToOne.AI buys GroundTruth",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S28",
     "LOC-D-S27",
     "LOC-D-S29"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2026-09-18",
    "lane": "Announced deals, mergers",
    "kind": "announce",
    "label": "Infillion to buy Foursquare*",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S19",
     "LOC-D-S20",
     "LOC-U-S07",
     "LOC-U-V02"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2023-12-08",
    "lane": "Insolvency",
    "kind": "insolvent",
    "label": "Near files Chapter 11",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S03"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2024-03-01",
    "lane": "Insolvency",
    "kind": "close",
    "label": "Near assets sold to Blue Torch",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S04",
     "LOC-D-S03"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2017-06-15",
    "lane": "Rebrands, splits",
    "kind": "rebrand",
    "label": "xAd becomes GroundTruth",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S26"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2021-08-05",
    "lane": "Rebrands, splits",
    "kind": "rebrand",
    "label": "X-Mode becomes Outlogic",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S32"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2022-02-23",
    "lane": "Rebrands, splits",
    "kind": "rebrand",
    "label": "Spectus split from Cuebiq",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S36",
     "LOC-D-S35"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2024-03-22",
    "lane": "Rebrands, splits",
    "kind": "rebrand",
    "label": "Near business as Azira",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-V01"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2020-12-15",
    "lane": "SDK removals, retirements",
    "kind": "sdk",
    "label": "Apple and Google bar X-Mode SDK",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S34",
     "LOC-G-V04",
     "LOC-G-V05"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2021-02-23",
    "lane": "SDK removals, retirements",
    "kind": "retire",
    "label": "Cuebiq sunsets its own SDK",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S34"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2023-01-01",
    "lane": "SDK removals, retirements",
    "kind": "retire",
    "label": "SafeGraph Patterns retired",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S42"
    ]
   },
   {
    "date": "2024-12-15",
    "lane": "SDK removals, retirements",
    "kind": "retire",
    "label": "Foursquare City Guide app retired",
    "src": [
     "LOC-D-S16"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "owner_changes_2025_26": 5,
  "acquisitions_completed": 6,
  "deals_announced": 8,
  "insolvencies": 1,
  "tmobile_cash": 801,
  "plotted": 24
 },
 "protocols": {
  "cols": [
   "Schema",
   "Connector",
   "Interop test",
   "Production use",
   "Transaction"
  ],
  "rows": [
   {
    "label": "AdCP · administrative geo fields",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "conn",
     "no",
     "vc",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S01",
     "LOC-J-S14",
     "LOC-J-V02",
     "LOC-J-S13",
     "LOC-J-S23"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AdCP 3.2.6 · proximity, catchments",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S01",
     "LOC-J-S14"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AdCP 3.2.6 · named places (geo_places)",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S03",
     "LOC-J-S05",
     "LOC-J-S13",
     "LOC-J-V03"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AdCP 3.2.6, 3.3.0-beta.0 · geographic cells",
    "cells": [
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S06",
     "LOC-J-S07",
     "LOC-J-S08"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AdCP 3.2.6 · venue identifiers",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "vc",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S04",
     "LOC-J-S12",
     "LOC-J-S13",
     "LOC-J-S22"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AdCP 3.2.6 · visit metric (foot_traffic)",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S02",
     "LOC-J-S30"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AdCP 3.2.6 · DOOH delivery metrics",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S02",
     "LOC-J-S12",
     "LOC-J-S13"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AAMP OpenProposal 3.0 draft 1 · geo codes",
    "cells": [
     "draft",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S18"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AAMP primitives 0.5.1 · geo codes",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S19"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "AAMP seller-agent 2.4.2 · geo codes",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S20"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "ARTF 1.0 · OpenRTB geo, inherited",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S17"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Vendor MCP: Foursquare, Mapbox",
    "cells": [
     "na",
     "out",
     "no",
     "no",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S25",
     "LOC-J-S26"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Comparator: OpenRTB 2.6 geo (not agentic)",
    "cells": [
     "doc",
     "conn",
     "nas",
     "prod",
     "nas"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-J-S15",
     "LOC-J-S16"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "signal_rows": 11,
  "beyond_schema": 1,
  "interop": 0,
  "production": 0,
  "no_state": 1
 },
 "dooh": {
  "cols": [
   "Source named in own documentation",
   "Kind of source named",
   "Panel size with a period"
  ],
  "rows": [
   {
    "label": "Geopath audience currency",
    "cells": [
     "yes",
     "panel",
     "yes"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-I-S02",
     "LOC-I-S03",
     "LOC-I-S04",
     "LOC-A-S46",
     "LOC-I-V01"
    ],
    "note": "7–10M qualified devices weekly from more than 100M US devices monthly, 31 May 2023 documentation"
   },
   {
    "label": "Vistar Media attribution",
    "cells": [
     "yes",
     "panel",
     "count"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-I-S17",
     "LOC-I-S18"
    ],
    "note": "InMarket 'nearly 200M+' users, no period"
   },
   {
    "label": "Vistar Media audience targeting",
    "cells": [
     "yes",
     "mixed",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-I-S19",
     "LOC-I-S20",
     "LOC-I-S21",
     "LOC-I-V05"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Place Exchange PerView",
    "cells": [
     "no",
     "ids",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-I-S22",
     "LOC-I-S23"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Broadsign foot-traffic studies",
    "cells": [
     "no",
     "ids",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-I-S24"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": "Perion (Hivestack) footfall lift",
    "cells": [
     "no",
     "ids",
     "no"
    ],
    "src": [
     "LOC-I-S27",
     "LOC-I-S29"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "products": 6,
  "source_disclosed": 3,
  "panel_disclosed": 1
 },
 "second_pass": {
  "rows": 16,
  "cells": 166,
  "exact_pct": 81.9,
  "within_one_pct": 96.9,
  "kappa_w": 0.9,
  "band_moves": 2,
  "adjudicated": 1
 }
}